This paper presents an improved model-based predictive direct torque control (MPDTC) to improve torque accuracy and reduce torque ripples which is a major issue in conventional direct torque control (DTC). Hysteresis controllers and traditional DTC switching tables are replaced by a model predictive controller to achieve an online optimization for voltage space vector selection and op... https://macorners.shop/product-category/engraved-leather-wallet_new/